More than 1,300 buildings in the Gaza Strip have been destroyed, the United Nations said Saturday, after nearly a week of fierce bombardment by Israeli forces.
The UN's humanitarian agency OCHA said "5,540 housing units" in those buildings were destroyed and nearly 3,750 more homes were so badly damaged they were uninhabitable.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said the bombardment is "just the beginning" as Israel seeks to retaliate against Hamas after their fighters killed more than 1,300 people a week ago.
At least 1,900 Gazans -- most of them civilians and including more than 600 children -- have been killed in missile strikes on the densely populated enclave, the Palestinian health ministry said.
"According to the Gaza Ministry of Public Works, 1,324 residential and non-residential buildings, comprising 5,540 housing units, have been destroyed," OCHA said.
"Another 3,743 housing units have been damaged beyond repair and rendered uninhabitable."
A further 55,000 housing units have been partially damaged, said OCHA.
The UN has been monitoring the number of people displaced from their homes within the Gaza Strip, with more than 423,000 recorded by the end of Thursday.
Israel then warned that some 1.1 million people in the north of the enclave quickly needed to evacuate to the south, ahead of an expected ground offensive.
As of 1800 GMT Friday, "it is estimated that tens of thousands have fled", OCHA said.
"Currently, the precise scope of internally displaced persons in the Gaza Strip is unknown," it said.
Citing the Palestinian health ministry, it said "vehicles of those evacuating the north were hit, killing more than 40 people and injuring 150 others.
"These incidents prompted many people to abandon their evacuation efforts and return home.
"No safe corridors were initially provided for people to safely comply with the orders to move southwards. Hundreds of people, including families, had to flee on foot."
OCHA said most people in the Gaza Strip were now without access to clean drinking water.
"As a last resort, people are consuming brackish water from agricultural wells, triggering serious concerns about the spread of waterborne diseases."
OCHA said that since the start of hostilities, six water wells, three water pumping stations, one water reservoir, and one desalination plant serving over 1,100,000 people had been damaged by air strikes.
The full electricity blackout has brought essential health, water and sanitation services "to the brink of collapse", and exacerbated food insecurity, it said.
Hamas commander killed
Meanwhile, a senior military commander of Hamas who headed the Islamist group's aerial operations in Gaza City has been killed in Israeli air strikes, the military said Saturday.
Murad Abu Murad was killed over the past day when fighter jets struck an operational centre of Hamas from where the group carried out its "aerial activity", the military said. There was no immediate confirmationfrom Hamas.
Thousands leave north Gaza
Thousands of Palestinians fled Saturday to southern Gaza seeking refuge after Israel warned them to evacuate before an expected ground offensive against Hamas in retaliation for the deadliest attack in Israel's history.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned that nearly a week of fierce bombardment was "just the beginning" as Israel seeks to retaliate against Hamas after their fighters killed more than 1,300 a week ago.
Israeli ground forces made "localised" raids into Gaza in the past 24 hours "to cleanse the area of terrorists and weaponry" and try to find "missing persons", the army said.
Most of those killed when Hamas fighters burst through the heavily militarised border into Israel last Saturday were civilians, in an attack compared to 9/11 in the United States.
At least 1,900 Gazans -- most of them civilians and including more than 600 children -- have been killed in missile strikes on the densely populated enclave, the health ministry said.
"Where to go?" asked Umm Hossam, 29, who was among the thousands fleeing. "How long will the strikes and death last? We have no homes left, every area of Gaza is under threat," said the 29-year-old, her face streaked with tears,
Hamas took about 150 Israeli, foreign and dual national hostages back to Gaza in the initial attack, Israel has said.
The militant group said Friday that 13 of them had been killed in Israeli air strikes.
- 'Genocide' -
German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock, in Israel Friday, accused Hamas of using residents as a "shield" in Gaza, where Israel has cut off water, fuel and food supplies.
US President Joe Biden spoke with the families of 14 Americans who have been missing since the Hamas attack Friday. "We're going to do everything in our power to find them," he told CBS's "60 Minutes".
He also stressed that addressing the swelling humanitarian crisis in Gaza was a "priority". "The overwhelming majority of Palestinians had nothing to do with Hamas and Hamas's appalling attacks, and they're suffering as a result as well," Biden said in a speech.
Tensions have risen across the Middle East and beyond, with angry protests in support of the Palestinians, while Israel faces the threat of a separate confrontation with Hezbollah in Lebanon.
A Reuters video journalist was killed and six other reporters -- from AFP, Reuters and Al Jazeera -- were injured in southern Lebanon close to Israel, caught up in cross-border shelling.
In the occupied West Bank, at least 16 Palestinians were killed in clashes with Israeli forces during protests supporting Gaza, the health ministry said.
Palestinian prime minister Mohammad Shtayyeh accused Israel of committing "genocide" in Gaza.
But Netanyahu's spokeswoman Tal Heinrich told AFP: "Everything that happens in Gaza is Hamas's responsibility."
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Thousands also demonstrated in support of the Palestinians on Friday in Beirut, Iraq, Iran and in Jordan.
Demonstrations also took place in Bahrain, where US Secretary of State Antony Blinken was visiting Saturday, as part of a regional tour seeking to keep calm in the Arab world.
- 'Impossible' -
In Gaza, UN officials said the Israeli military, whose troops are massing at the border, had said some 1.1 million people in the north of the enclave needed to evacuate to the south "within the next 24 hours".
Israel did not confirm it had set the deadline, but later admitted it would take more time. A ground offensive would be complicated by the presence of hostages.
The United Nations described the immediate movement of nearly half of the 2.4 million in the Gaza Strip as "impossible" called for the evacuation order to be rescinded.
"Moving more than one million people across a densely populated war zone to a place with no food, water, or accommodation, when the entire territory of Gaza is under siege, is extremely dangerous – and in some cases, simply not possible," UN chief Antonio Guterres said on X, formerly Twitter.
Hospitals are struggling to cope with the dead and wounded and the health system was "at a breaking point", the World Health Organization said.
In Jordan, after a meeting with Blinken, King Abdullah II called for "humanitarian corridors" to be opened urgently.
Egypt -- which runs the Rafah crossing to the south of Gaza -- faces a dilemma of accepting refugees with the possibility that Israel may never let them return, weakening Palestinian aspirations for statehood.
- Air strikes -
AFP correspondents in Gaza said the Israeli military on Friday dropped flyers warning residents to flee "immediately" south of Wadi Gaza, with a map pointing south across a line in the centre of the 40 kilometre-long (25 mile-long) territory.
The army said it "will continue to operate significantly in Gaza City and make extensive efforts to avoid harming civilians".
"Hamas terrorists are hiding in Gaza City inside tunnels underneath houses and inside buildings populated with innocent civilians."
Netanyahu has vowed to "crush" Hamas, and has likened it to the Islamic State group.
But in Geneva, the Red Cross said the unjustifiable "horrific" attacks on Israel could equally not justify "the limitless destruction of Gaza".
- A 'crime' -
Hamas has said Palestinians rejected the evacuation request, yet thousands of Gazans were on the move in search of safety, carrying plastic bags of belongings, suitcases on their shoulders and children in their arms.
Even before the evacuation order, more than 423,000 people had already fled their homes in Gaza, according to the UN.
Arab League chief Ahmed Abul Gheit said Israel's evacuation order is a "forced transfer" that constitutes "a crime".
Palestinian president Mahmud Abbas said it will be "tantamount to a second Nakba" or "catastrophe", referring to the 760,000 Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1948 war that accompanied Israel's creation.
Russian President Vladimir Putin warned that Israel risked waging an "unacceptable" siege in Gaza comparable to the Nazi blockade of Leningrad during World War II.
- Mass killings -
Israeli soldiers have swept the southern towns and kibbutz farming communities since last Saturday.
They said they found the bodies of 1,500 militants, as well as large numbers of civilians killed by Hamas fighters.
Yossi Landau, with the Zaka organisation that recovers the bodies of people who suffer unnatural deaths, said he found a dead woman with her stomach "ripped open, a baby was there, still connected with the cord, and stabbed".
They were among more than 100 people killed in Beeri, just outside Gaza, while around 270 were gunned down or burned in their cars at the nearby Supernova music festival.
Hamas has denied that its fighters killed infants.
- Hezbollah threat -
Israel faces a potential second front in the north after the Iran-backed Hezbollah group in Lebanon said it was "fully prepared" to join Hamas in the war when the time was right.
There has been cross-border fire in recent days, sparking concern about regional stability and prompting the United States to send additional munitions and its largest aircraft carrier.
Israeli forces said Saturday said they had "struck a Hezbollah terror target in southern Lebanon" in response to a drone crossing the border.
Biden has warned other regional powers not to get involved.
Israel's arch foe Iran has long financially and militarily backed Hamas and praised its attack, but insists it was not involved.