Ukrainian soldiers evacuated from Mariupol steelworks

Hundreds of Ukrainian soldiers have been evacuated from the besieged Azovstal steelworks -- the last holdout of troops defending the southern port city of Mariupol -- Kyiv said on Monday.

The plant had become a symbol of resistance, with around 600 soldiers holed up in underground tunnels and bunkers fighting a rear-guard battle to prevent Russian troops taking full control of the strategically located city.

But on Monday Ukraine's Deputy Defence Minister Ganna Malyar said more than 260 had been moved through humanitarian corridors to areas under Moscow and Russia-backed separatists' control.

"An exchange procedure will be carried out for their further return home," Malyar said.

The Ukrainian army said the soldiers in Mariupol had "performed their combat task" and now the main goal was to "save the lives of personnel".

By holding the steelworks, they stopped Russian forces from rapidly capturing the southern city of Zaporizhzhia, a statement on Facebook said.

Despite the resources of its giant neighbour, Ukraine has managed to repel the Russian army for longer than many expected, fortified by weapons and cash from Western allies.

The latest example of this came Monday, when Ukraine's defence ministry announced its troops had regained control of territory on the Russian border near the country's second-largest city of Kharkiv, which has been under constant attack.

- Eastern assault -
Since failing to take Kyiv in the early weeks of the war, Moscow has switched its focus to Donbas, a region near the Russian border that is home to pro-Russian separatists.

Presidential adviser Oleksiy Arestovich told local television Sunday that Russian troops were being redeployed to take Severodonetsk, the easternmost city still held by Ukraine.

Its occupation would grant the Kremlin de facto control of Lugansk, one of two regions -- along with Donetsk -- that comprise Donbas.

But Russia's attempt to encircle the city of 100,000 has been repelled with heavy equipment losses, while Russian-occupied railway bridges were blown up, Ukrainian officials said.

Russia continued strikes on Lugansk, killing two people and wounding nine during shelling of a Severodonetsk hospital, the Ukrainian presidency said Monday.

A further 10 people were killed by Russian strikes on Severodonetsk, according to the local governor.

Police in neighbouring Donetsk said six civilians were killed and 12 wounded in Russian shelling over the past 24 hours.

Six million refugees have fled Ukraine since the war began, and another eight million have been internally displaced, according to UN agencies. 

- NATO 'no direct threat' -
With Moscow showing no sign of relenting nearly three months into its invasion, Finland and Sweden are poised to give up decades of military non-alignment by joining the NATO military alliance. 

Swedish Prime Minister Magdalena Andersson confirmed on Monday her country would apply to join the alliance, a day after Finland -- which shares a 1,300-kilometre (800-mile) border with Russia -- said the same.

Russian President Vladimir Putin said the move poses "no direct threat for us... but the expansion of military infrastructure to these territories will certainly provoke our response." 

The Russian leader's reaction was more moderate than comments earlier Monday from deputy foreign minister Sergei Ryabkov, who called the expansion a "grave mistake with far-reaching consequences". 

The move is not a done deal in any case, with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Monday confirming his country's intention to block the applications, accusing Finland and Sweden of harbouring terror groups, including outlawed Kurdish militants.

Sweden and Finland have failed to respond positively to Turkey's 33 extradition requests over the past five years, justice ministry sources told the official Anadolu news agency on Monday.

Any membership bid must be unanimously approved by NATO's 30 nations. 

But US Secretary of State Antony Blinken voiced confidence Sunday that Sweden and Finland would join NATO despite Turkey's opposition.

Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu will meet Blinken in Washington on Wednesday, where Ankara's objections are expected to figure high on the agenda.

- 'Time is running out' -
Meanwhile EU foreign ministers met in Brussels to discuss a ban on Russian oil -- proposed as part of an unprecedented economic sanctions on Moscow but being blocked by Hungary over the economic cost.

"We are unhappy with the fact that the oil embargo is not there," Ukraine's top diplomat Dmytro Kuleba said afterwards.

"It's clear who's holding up the issue. But time is running out because every day Russia keeps making money and investing this money into the war."

The war meanwhile is taking its toll on the continent's growth. The European Commission sharply cut its eurozone forecast for 2022 to 2.7 percent, blaming skyrocketing energy prices.

Separately, French automaker Renault has handed over its Russian assets to Moscow, while US fast food giant McDonald's announced it would be pulling out, citing the "humanitarian crisis caused by the war."

McDonald's to exit Russia

American fast-food giant McDonald's said Monday it will exit Russia in the wake of the Ukraine invasion, ending a more than three-decade run begun in the hopeful period near the end of the Cold War.

The restaurant chain, which launched in Moscow in January 1990 to great fanfare almost two years before the Soviet Union was dissolved, characterized the withdrawal as difficult but necessary.

"The humanitarian crisis caused by the war in Ukraine, and the precipitating unpredictable operating environment, have led McDonald's to conclude that continued ownership of the business in Russia is no longer tenable, nor is it consistent with McDonald's values," the company said in a statement.

The chain is looking to sell "its entire portfolio of McDonald's restaurants in Russia to a local buyer."

The burger giant is one of numerous foreign firms that have pulled out of the country or suspended operations following Moscow's invasion of Ukraine in late February.

Earlier on Monday, French automaker Renault announced it had handed over its Russian assets to the government, marking the first major nationalization since the onset of Western sanctions against Moscow's military campaign.

Russia's President Vladimir Putin ordered troops into pro-Western Ukraine on February 24, triggering unprecedented sanctions and sparking an exodus of foreign corporations including H&M, Starbucks and Ikea.

In March, citing "unspeakable suffering to innocent people," McDonald's closed all of its 850 restaurants in the country, where it says it employs 62,000 workers.

But on Monday the "Big Mac" maker went a step further, saying the company "is pursuing the sale of its entire portfolio of McDonald's restaurants in Russia to a local buyer."

After the sale, the restaurants would no longer be able to use the McDonald's name, logo, branding or menu, though the company will retain its trademark in the country, it said.

Russia currently accounts for nine percent of the company's revenue and three percent of its operating profit.

McDonald's expects a one-time charge of $1.2 billion to $1.4 billion to write off the investment.

- A 'new era' -
The withdrawal offers a stark contrast to the optimism that surrounded the arrival of the quintessentially American brand in Russia in the waning days of the Cold War.

The company began discussing Russian business at the 1976 Olympics in Canada where McDonald's let Russian athletes use the "Big Mac Bus" in a sign of good will.

That led to 14 years of negotiations, "culminating in the glorious day in January of 1990 when the first McDonald's opened to so much hope and excitement in Pushkin Square," recalled McDonald's Chief Executive Chris Kempczinski in a message to employees.

"In the history of McDonald's, it was one of our proudest and most exciting milestones," Kempczinski said. "After nearly half a century of Cold War animosity, the image of the Golden Arches shining above Pushkin Square heralded for many, on both sides of the Iron Curtain, the beginning of a new era."

In the subsequent decades, McDonald's operations in Russia expanded far beyond Moscow as the company invested billions of dollars and grew its supply chain.

But Kempczinski said the Russia investment was no longer viable in terms of business, or consistent with company values. 

Still, he closed his message on a hopeful note, saying, "let us not end by saying, 'goodbye'... (but) 'Until we meet again.'"

The company's decision to divest "underlines a view that relations with Russia will not soon be normalized," said Neil Saunders, a retail expert at GlobalData.

The conditions of the exit, including the financial challenges facing prospective Russian buyers means "it is unlikely the sale price will be anywhere near the pre-invasion book value of the business," said Saunders, adding that the departure "will leave a hole" in McDonald's growth plans "that is not easily filled in the near-term."

Shares of McDonald's fell 0.4 percent to $244.04.